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Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Pelvic organ prolapse occurs when the muscles and tissues that support the uterus, bladder, or rectum become weak, causing these organs to drop downward or press into the vaginal canal. This condition is common in women after childbirth, menopause, or pelvic surgery, and can lead to discomfort, pressure, urinary issues, and difficulty with daily activities. Although prolapse can feel embarrassing or distressing, it is highly treatable with modern, minimally invasive techniques and personalized care.

Women often describe a feeling of heaviness in the pelvis or a sensation that “something is coming down.” Early diagnosis and expert evaluation can help prevent symptoms from worsening and restore pelvic strength and comfort.

Common Symptoms of Pelvic Organ Prolapse

  • Feeling of pressure or fullness in the pelvic area
  • Bulge or protrusion from the vagina
  • Difficulty emptying the bladder or bowel
  • Frequent urination or urinary leakage
  • Lower back pain or pelvic discomfort
  • Pain or discomfort during intercourse
  • Worsening pressure after standing, lifting, or long days

Pelvic organ prolapse may affect the bladder (cystocele), uterus (uterine prolapse), rectum (rectocele), or the top of the vagina after hysterectomy (vault prolapse). Identifying which organs are involved helps guide the most effective treatment plan.

Causes & Risk Factors

Pelvic Organ Prolapse
  • Vaginal childbirth: Especially multiple or difficult deliveries
  • Menopause: Decreased estrogen weakens pelvic tissues
  • Chronic constipation or heavy lifting: Increasing pelvic pressure
  • Obesity: Adds strain on pelvic muscles
  • Pelvic surgery: Such as hysterectomy
  • Genetic factors: Some women have naturally weaker connective tissue

Understanding the contributing factors helps prevent recurrence and supports long-term pelvic health.

Treatment Options

Treatment is based on the severity of prolapse, symptoms, age, and overall health. Both non-surgical and surgical options are available.

  • Pelvic floor physiotherapy: Strengthening exercises to improve mild prolapse symptoms.
  • Pessary support: A device placed in the vagina to support prolapsed organs.
  • Hormonal therapy: Local estrogen to improve tissue strength in menopausal women.
  • Laparoscopic prolapse repair: Minimally invasive surgery to lift and support pelvic organs.
  • Robotic-assisted repair: High-precision surgery for complex or recurrent prolapse.
  • Vaginal reconstructive procedures: To restore normal anatomy and improve comfort.

Minimally invasive laparoscopic and robotic techniques offer excellent long-term success, reduced pain, smaller incisions, and faster recovery—making them preferred approaches for many women.

Benefits of Expert Prolapse Treatment

  • Relief from pelvic pressure and discomfort
  • Improved urinary and bowel function
  • Restoration of normal pelvic anatomy
  • Enhanced comfort during daily activities
  • Better sexual wellness and confidence

Pelvic organ prolapse is a treatable condition, and no woman should feel embarrassed seeking help. With expert evaluation, advanced minimally invasive surgery, and compassionate care, women can regain strength, comfort, and confidence—allowing them to return to an active and comfortable lifestyle.